What is Microprocessor?
A microprocessor is a computer processor where the data processing logic and control is included on a single integrated circuit, or a small number of integrated circuits.
It is an integrated circuit that contains all the functions of a central processing unit of a computer.
It is a device that contains the arithmetic, logic, and control circuitry necessary to perform the functions of a digital computer’s central processing unit. In effect, this kind of integrated circuit can interpret and execute program instructions as well as handle arithmetic operations.
Working of Microprocessor.
What is instruction cycle?
The complete cycle of four units as fetch, decode, execute and write back of microprocessor for processing the instruction is called the instruction cycle.
a) Fetch: The user can give data and instruction which is store in RAM. Microprocessor receives data and instruction according to necessity and requirement which is known as fetch. So, fetch means get instruction from memory.
b) Decode: The main function of the microprocessor is to change fetch instruction into decode instruction. The given instruction is separated for calculation of arithmetic or logical. So, decode means decides what the instruction means.
c) Execute: Microprocessor can perform the main task in this unit. For example, ALU is used for mathematical calculation. So, execute means to perform the instruction.
d) Write back: Microprocessor processes the instructions and produces the result which is transfer to memory for storage. This is called the write back.
